基于手机位置信息的高精度动态人口数据空间化方法研究——以四川泸定6.8级地震为例

A high-precision dynamic population data spatialization method based on mobile phone locations: a case study of the Luding MS6.8 earthquake in Sichuan Province

摘要:

破坏性地震通常造成大量生命损失,符合实际情况的人口空间数据是影响震后生命损失快速评估的重要因素。为克服以往静态格网数据的滞后性,以近年来广泛应用的手机位置数据作为来源,提出改进的统计人口数据空间化方法,在不损失统计空间单元总体人口数量的基础上,将人口统计数据转化为动态人口空间分布,并以2022年9月5日四川泸定6.8级地震为例进行验证。研究结果表明,该方法能够实现人口统计数据的高精度快速空间化,对于通信设施较为完善的城镇区域,能够精细刻画人口空间的现势特征,满足破坏性地震的生命损失快速评估,具有较好的实用性。

Abstract:

Destructive earthquakes usually cause many fatalities, and population spatial data that aligns with the actual situation is an important factor affecting the rapid assessment of postearthquake casualties. To overcome historical lags in static grid data, an improved statistical population data spatialization method was proposed using mobile phone locations. To not lose the total population in a statistical unit, the static demographic data were transformed into a dynamic spatial population distribution. The results were verified by taking the September 5, 2022, Luding M_S6.8 earthquake in Sichuan Province as an example. The proposed method can obtain a high-precision and rapid spatialization of statistical data and can granularly depict the current characteristics of populations in urban areas with complete communication facilities. This method can rapidly and practically assess the loss of life in destructive earthquakes.