城市避难场所防震减灾韧性评价体系研究——以上海市区为例

Resilience evaluation system for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in urban shelters: a case study of the Shanghai urban area

摘要:

为增强城市的防震减灾能力,韧性理念提供了一种新的解决思路。从避难场所韧性的吸收能力、恢复能力和适应能力出发,选取24个指标构建避难场所的防震减灾韧性评价指标体系,并以地处我国南方港口且经济发达的上海市为例,分析市区31个避难场所的防震减灾韧性水平。结果表明:上海市区的避难场所大部分处于中等韧性水平,该评价体系可以有效发现避难场所应对地震灾害时存在的薄弱之处,从而提出针对性的措施,可以为我国城市避难场所的韧性规划提供借鉴。

Abstract:

To enhance earthquake prevention and disaster reduction measures in cities, this paper proposes an evaluation system for the resilience of shelters after earthquakes and disaster prevention from the perspective of resilience. Thirty-one shelters in Shanghai were used as an example to verify the feasibility of the proposed evaluation system. Based on the absorption capacity, recovery capacity, and adaptation capacity of shelter resilience, twenty-four indexes were selected to construct an evaluation index system of shelter resilience for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction. A combination of a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and a cloud model was then used to evaluate shelter resilience. The results show that most shelters in Shanghai are at a moderate level of resilience. The evaluation system can effectively identify the weaknesses of shelters in response to earthquake disasters and propose corresponding targeted measures, thus providing a reference for better resilience planning of urban shelters in China.