Abstract:The buildings in historical and cultural districts are characterized by high density, confined space, and insufficient evacuation capacity, and existing shelters are difficult to meet the requirements of earthquake refuge, so it is imperative to improve the seismic resilience of historical and cultural districts. In this paper, the evaluation and planning methods of shelters in historical and cultural districts were analyzed. The spatial model of road network and environmental elements was first established based on ArcGIS 10.2. Then the inductive analysis and special analysis were adopted to determine the quantitative index for shelters. Finally, with spatial network and overlay analysis, GIS analysis and visual analysis, the planning and layout methods for shelters in historical and cultural districts were proposed. A case study of 14 historical and cultural districts in Tianjin was implemented to evaluate the invulnerability of road and the effectiveness of existing shelters, and then areas with high level suitability were selected as alternative locations. For those districts where current shelters cannot meet requirements, quantitative analysis methods including set covering model, maximal coverage model, and minimal facility location model were developed to optimize the shelter layout. Therefore, the scientific and practical application of the shelter planning method proposed in this paper were verified.
