Abstract:In this paper, three common stacking methods, i.e., linear stacking, spectrum whitening stacking, and phase-weighted stacking, were used to process the experimental data of air-gun source in Ansha reservoir. The practical application effects of the three methods were analyzed and evaluated from the aspects of signal-to-noise ratio, waveform correlation, and seismic phase travel-time difference. The results showed that: (1) The phase-weighted stacking method has the strongest ability to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, but both of it and the linear stacking method can not effectively eliminate strong interference. The spectrum whitening method can weaken the influence of strong interference, resulting in accurate recognition of signal. For the waveform with low signal-to-noise ratio, the spectrum whitening method is better than linear superposition in improving signal-to-noise ratio, and vice versa. (2) With the reference of linear stacking results, the correlation of phase-weighted method is high, and the travel-time difference is basically zero, but the signal with small amplitude in the waveform may be suppressed, thus affecting the discrimination of waveform signal with small amplitude value; when the signal-to-noise ratio of the station is high, the waveform correlation is poor, and there is a certain travel time difference. Then the waveform before the arrival of seismic phase may be amplified, which makes the first arrival of seismic phase fuzzy, and affects the picking accuracy.