地电场电极故障判定及机理分析

Fault Determination and Mechanism Analysisfor Electrodes in the Geoelectric Field

摘要:

分析总结近几年来河北省地电场台站地电场电极故障出现的数据变化，认为河北省地电场数据在无干扰情况下变化形态稳定，部分台站图像中可见"峰-谷"形态，且相关系数及差值良好。地电场电极故障时，共用该电极的两测道数据有同步干扰主要表现在：①两测道数据相关系数减小、差值变大。②图像上同步出现台阶、突跳、长趋势变化。根据数据变化的同步性可以初步判断电极故障及故障电极位置，另外还需非电极故障的排除，首先对观测环境、仪器、外线路、线路接头、配线板等进行检查，其次用对比试验法，即预埋新电极接入备用地电场仪器与故障电极并行观测，通过对比确定电极故障。最后运用化学及数学方法Butler-Volmer方程及Nernst方程对电极故障造成的数据现象进行分析解释。该研究结果为台站及时进行电极故障判断有一定参考意义。

Abstract:

The variations of the data on the electrode faults in the geoelectric field in Hebei province in recent years are analyzed and summarized. The data variations are considered stable without interference, and a "peak valley" shape can be seen in the images recorded by several stations. Moreover, the correlation coefficient and difference are satisfactory. The synchronous interference of the data on the electrode faults in the geoelectric field in two channels mainly indicates the following: (1) the correlation coefficient of the data in the two channels decreases, and the difference becomes large; (2) the image shows synchronous step, jump, and long-trend changes. The position of electrode failure can be preliminarily determined according to the synchronicity of the data variation. Meanwhile, nonelectrode faults also need to be eliminated. The observation environment, instrument, external circuit, circuit connector, and wiring board are first checked, and the electrode failure is determined with a contrast test. The Butler-Volmer equation and Nernst equation are used to analyze and explain the data variation caused by the electrode failure. The results of this study can serve as a reference for stations in judging electrode faults promptly.