城市避震救灾最优体系模型仿真

Model Simulation of the Optimal System forUrban Earthquake Disaster Relief

摘要:

传统GIS空间分析模型进行城市避震救灾疏散方案规划时，未考虑疏散路径的当量长度，获取的避震救灾模型疏散效率较低。采用通行难度系数、次生灾害干扰系数、桥梁阻碍系数获取避震救灾疏散路径当量长度；通过目标函数获取避震救灾疏散路径当量长度的最小值，同时考虑避难场所的容纳量要求、清空避难场所固有人员、疏散距离小于避难场所的服务半径3个约束条件，设计新的城市避震救灾疏散最优模型。实验结果表明，新的城市避震救灾疏散最优模型能够给出精确的疏散路径与方案，高效率地完成城市避震救灾疏散任务。

Abstract:

When the traditional GIS spatial analysis model is used to plan an urban earthquake evacuation scheme, the equivalent length of the evacuation path is not taken into account, and the evacuation efficiency of the obtained model is relatively low. Therefore, a new optimal evacuation model for urban earthquake disaster mitigation and relief has been designed. The equivalent length of the evacuation path was obtained by using the difficulty coefficient of passage, interfe-rence coefficient of secondary disaster, coefficient of bridge obstruction, and minimum equivalent length of evacuation path, all of which were obtained by objective function. Simultaneously, the new model accounted for the capacity requirement of the shelter, the emptying of personnel from the shelter, and the evacuation distance being less than the radius of service of the shelter. The experimental results showed that the new optimal model can give an accurate evacuation path and scheme, and efficiently accomplish the evacuation task of urban earthquake disaster mitigation and relief.