电子水准仪与自动安平水准仪的对比研究——以DINI11和NI002为例

Comparative Study on Electronic and Automatic Compensated Levels Using DINI11 and NI002 as Examples

摘要:

对目前常规大地测量和工程施工测量中较为常用的电子水准仪和自动安平水准仪进行了对比研究。以DINI11和NI002两种不同水准仪为例，以实际观测结果对其发展现状、仪器结构、观测原理、影响因素及抗干扰能力等分别进行了对比分析。结果表明，DINI11水准仪较NI002水准仪有性能先进、抗干扰能力强的特点，但其测量精度较NI002水准仪偏低，这可能与仪器的放大倍数有关。此外还对精密水准测量中用电子仪器替换光学仪器的合理性进行了探讨，并给出了初步结论与使用建议。

Abstract:

Leveling is the most common method for determining elevation in conventional geodesy and engineering construction surveys.A level is an instrument that provides a level sight and gives level readings for leveling.In this study，we compare electronic and automatic compensated levels，levels that are commonly used currently.Using DINI11 and NI002 as examples，we analyzed the development status，instrument structure，operating principle，influence factors，and anti-jamming capabilities with the observation results，which indicate that the electronic level （DINI11）shows relatively advanced performance and strong anti-jamming capability compared to the automatic compensated level （NI002）；however，its measurement precision is lower than that of the NI002 level，and is possibly associated with the magnification of the instrument.In addition，we also discuss the rationality behind replacing an optical instrument with an electronic instrument for precise leveling.Evidence indicates that the DINI11 electronic level can replace the Ni002 automatic compensated level in most seismic stations，especially within stadia of 50 m.The DINI11 electronic level can reach one or second order leveling accuracy，and we believe it can replace the NI002 automatic compensated level for regional leveling.